Pollution in Bagmati River

Pollution in Bagmati River

Kathmandu valley:

My locality is situated in the heart of the Lalitpur city, Kumariparti. It’s provided with all sorts of infrastructures and regarded as the cleanliest part of the city. The community people donate to build the pitches of the road and built two water drainage's canals in left and right sides of the road. The people are themselves paying for the private cleaners. Pollution level of this area is very low and is minimized by the effort of the community people. As Patan Hospital was the chief factor for the air pollution, it liberated a lot of smoke but now the emission level of the hazardous gas has been controlled and reduced to a normal level. Hence no other pollution has affected in our locality; Let us talk about the water pollution level of Bagmati river in Kathmandu Valley.

As Kathmandu Valley is regarded one of the crowded and over–populated city where various types of pollution are generated in a significant way. The pollution of water is involved in degradation of the environment and the health of the people. The problems are not solved even though there are proper international rules and regulations. Now let us see the detail problem of the Valley.

Initially unwanted physical, biological and chemical aspects of water which degrade its standard quality are called water pollution and these are the main sources for the pollution in the water pollutants. Now we are talking about the polluted Bagmati River the prestige of Kathmandu valley. About 40 years before the Bagmati River was one of the purest river in Nepal. It was so pure that people used the river water for drinking purpose also. Because of the fertile land Kathmandu valley was covered by rice planting. Government of Nepal had planned and separated the land in such a way that almost low lands were planed for rice plantation and it was known as Green Belt where it was prohibited or banded to build houses for settlement. some areas are separated for religious areas and it is also banned to build houses closely. It was so nice and no pollution at all. As the democracy came in 1990 from mass struggle the populations are increasing in this valley year after year in such way that the increased population is about 1000% within 15 years, and now the valley is covered by concrete building. The sewage system is compulsorily applied by Municipality. But unfortunately the sewage drainage pipes are directly connected to the Bagmati River, so the Bagmati River is now so polluted that it is one of the dirtiest (worst) river of the world. The oxygen level of the river is less than the normal level, it is 0.0%. Hence this proves that the water is contaminated, and there is no life at all. Throwing all sorts of waste products, dead animals, following daily activities like bathing, cleaning utensils and clothes, solid waste, waste of industries, laboratories are the major factor for the pollution of Baghmati River. Various rivulets of the Baghmati River are also getting impure leading to Water-Borne diseases. It has been affecting the health of the people and leading even to death. As though the management committee has formed, their activities are limited in workshop and seminar, it is totally unsuccessful and the water is still infected with harmful bacteria and viruses. The sewage and drainage waste are all thrown in this river affecting the river in a significant way day by day. The sewage pipes are directly extended in the Baghmati River and its tributaries where all the human excreta are disposed. Similarly various ponds and lakes around the valley are also getting stained, and most of them are vanished.

Main Causes of Pollution:

I. The following wastage from daily activities like bathing, cleaning, solid wastage are connected to bagmati river.
II. The solid and liquid wastes of various industries factories, laboratories, automobiles directly thrown in water without the further process of filtration.
III. Washing of Chemical fertilizers, insecticides in the near source of water by rain water also pollutes water.
IV. Disposing of various human excreta, dead animals, dead animals and other waste products are affecting the quality of the water.
V. As shown in the picture above the homeless people are settling down on the bank of the river. It is danger for them during rainy season because of flood; And the river water is so polluted and is so bad smelt that we can not stand near by river.

The Measures to control river water :

I. The waste products from each houses must be minimized. The biodegradable and non biodegradable waste must be separated before throwing into the pit.
II. The waste products of industries, hospitals, laboratories, automobiles, factories and sewage water must be controlled by themselves and be filtrated as purification process before disposing it into the river water.
III. Public awareness program must be held to reduce the level of water pollution.
IV. The Government or the management authority must make strict and proper rules and regulations for the prevention of water pollution.
Hence the above measures are for the solution which will benefit the health of the people and the proper quality of the water. The above measures could be implemented in further improvement of the Baghmati River which can regard the place as the centre of pilgrimage and the salvation center.

Posted by Chok Bahadur Gurung on 1:23 AM

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